Why the tropics lose the most birds when cities expand

By Anna Hargreaves, Professor of Conservation Ecology & Evolution, McGill University
Jennifer Sunday, Canada Research Chair, Global Change BIology, McGill University
Jory Griffith, Doctoral Student, Environmental Policy, ETH Zurich

Tropical ecosystems are famous for their teeming, exuberant diversity. In fact, the dramatic increase in biodiversity from the poles to the tropics — known as the latitudinal diversity gradient — is pervasive across branches of the tree of life, and fossil evidence suggests it has existed for millennia.

It might seem that if anything could be immune to human disruption, it would be the latitudinal diversity gradient. But human impacts on nature are also global, pervasive…

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