In our deep oceans, evolution is supercharged – this diversity of life could help unlock humanity’s greatest challenges

By Thomas Mock, Professor in Marine Microbiology, University of East Anglia

Far beneath the surface of the ocean lies the largest and least explored habitat on Earth. The deep sea is cold, dark, highly pressurised – and home to a huge amount of undiscovered life.

The first hydrothermal vent systems were only discovered in 1977 during an expedition to the Pacific Ocean’s Galapagos Rift by a team from the US Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. They observed these underwater…

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