Nigeria’s open borders promised more trade and free movement: but crossings are chaotic and corrupt

By John Babalola, Associate lecturer, University of Lincoln
Joshua Skoczylis, Lecturer in Criminology, University of Lincoln

West Africa has pursued one of the world’s most ambitious border liberalisation schemes in the past four decades. The Ecowas Free Movement Protocol, signed in 1979, enables citizens of 16 member states to cross international borders with minimal documentation. The intention was to promote economic integration and prosperity across the region.

For instance, Nigeria’s open borders…

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