Virtual child sexual abuse material depicts fictitious children – but can be used to disguise real abuse

By Larissa Christensen, Senior Lecturer in Criminology & Justice | Co-leader of the Sexual Violence Research and Prevention Unit (SVRPU), University of the Sunshine Coast
Ashley Pearson, Lecturer in Law, University of the Sunshine Coast
Dominique Moritz, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of the Sunshine Coast

Child sexual abuse material (previously known as child pornography) can be a confronting and uncomfortable topic.

Child sexual abuse material specifically refers to the possession, viewing, sharing, and creation of images or videos containing sexual or offensive material involving children.

But less publicised is another form of child sexual abuse material: virtual child sexual abuse material (VCSAM).

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~	Ukraine: Civilians killed and injured as attacks on power and rail systems intensify

~	EU Parliament condemns the reintroduction of Georgia's foreign agent bill

~	Uganda’s tax system isn’t bringing in enough revenue, but is targeting small business the answer?

~	Is the London mayoral race tightening? New poll shows Sadiq Khan leads Susan Hall by 13 points

~	Gum arabic from Africa’s acacia trees in the Sahel is used in hundreds of products: what’s worth knowing

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~	Dan Poulter defects from Tories to Labour: inside the art of switching teams

~	Saudi Arabia: Halt Executions of Child Offenders

~	Togo: Elections against a backdrop of muzzling dissenting voices

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